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AN UPDATE ON THE WELSH SUSTAINABLE FARMING SCHEME

UPDATE ON THE WELSH SUSTAINABLE FARMING SCHEME
12/01/2024 Yali Banton Heath

Fis diwethaf cyhoeddodd Llywodraeth Cymru y cynllun diweddaraf ar gyfer y Cynllun Ffermio Cynaliadwy (CFC) newydd, a fydd yn disodli Cynllun y Taliadau Sylfaenol yng Nghymru.

 

Mae’r ddogfen ddiweddaraf yn ailddatgan strwythur y CFC, a fydd yn cynnwys tair lefel:

  • Gweithredoedd Cyffredinol, sy’n ofynnol gan bawb sy’n cymryd rhan yn y Cynllun (gyda rhai eithriadau megis lle mae tir yn anaddas ar gyfer gweithredoedd penodol neu pan nad yw darpariaethau tenantiaeth yn caniatáu hynny),
  • Gweithredoedd Dewisol, a fydd yn cynnig dewis i ffermwyr flaenoriaethu neu gymryd y camau gweithredu sydd fwyaf pwysig a phriodol i’ch amgylchiadau penodol chi, a
  • Gweithredoedd Cydweithredol, a fydd yn cynnig cyfle i ffermwyr weithio gydag eraill i gyflawni newid ar raddfa fwy.

 

Bydd Camau Cyffredinol yn cael eu cyflwyno yn 2025, gyda Chamau Gweithredu Dewisol a Chydweithredol yn cael eu cyflwyno drwy bontio fesul cam rhwng 2025 a 2029.

Mae’r ddogfen, sy’n agored i ymgynghoriad cyhoeddus tan 7fed Mawrth 2024, yn canolbwyntio’n bennaf ar y Gweithredoedd Cyffredinol, sy’n cynnwys meincnodi, datblygiad proffesiynol parhaus, gofynion profi ac adrodd; plannu coed, creu cynefinoedd, cynllunio iechyd pridd a chnydio gorchudd; a mesurau bioddiogelwch, iechyd a lles anifeiliaid.

 

Mae hefyd yn cynnwys dau gynnig pwysig a fydd yn galluogi mwy o ffermwyr bach a thenant i wneud cais am y cynllun.

Yn gyntaf, mae cynnwys ‘oriau llafur a weithiwyd’ fel maen prawf cymhwyster amgen ar gyfer mentrau ffermio i’w groesawu’n fawr, ac mae’n rhywbeth yr ydym wedi bod yn gweithio’n galed dros y 5 mlynedd diwethaf i’w gynnwys yn y cynllun. Bydd hyn yn golygu y bydd ffermydd a gerddi marchnad o dan 3 hectar yn dal yn gymwys ar gyfer y cynllun.

Mae’r ddogfen yn darllen:

“Rhaid bod gennych o leiaf dri hectar o dir amaethyddol cymwys yng Nghymru neu allu dangos mwy na 550 o oriau llafur safonol.”

 

Mae hon yn fuddugoliaeth enfawr i fentrau ffermio ar raddfa fach yng Nghymru, yn fwyaf nodedig gerddi marchnad a micro-laethdai, na fyddai fel arall efallai wedi gallu cyrraedd y trothwy cymhwysedd ar sail ardal.

Er bod gwneud y cynllun yn hygyrch i fwy o ffermydd a gerddi marchnad yng Nghymru yn gam cyntaf pwysig, rhaid i Lywodraeth Cymru yn awr sicrhau bod y cynllun yn werth chweil yn ariannol i’r busnesau hyn.

Fel y mae ar hyn o bryd, bydd taliadau Haen Gyffredinol a Haen Ddewisol yn cael eu cyfrifo ar sail arwynebedd tir. Er enghraifft, pe bai gardd farchnad 2ha hynod gynhyrchiol – a oedd yn darparu nifer o fanteision eraill i fywyd gwyllt a’r gymuned leol – yn gwneud cais am daliadau yn y cynllun, byddent yn cael llawer llai o gymorth ariannol na menter cynhyrchiant isel ehangach fel pori defaid. Gallai’r taliadau hyn o bosibl fod mor ymylol fel na fyddai’n werth ymrwymo iddynt.

Felly byddwn yn parhau i eirioli dros anghenion garddwriaeth ar raddfa fach a mentrau llaeth micro wrth weithio i sicrhau bod taliadau’r CFC yn adlewyrchu’n briodol eu cynhyrchiant a’u costau, yn ogystal â’r gwerth ehangach a gynhyrchir gan eu gwaith.

 

Mae Llywodraeth Cymru wedi cynnig y byddai cymhelliad garddwriaethol yn cael ei gynnwys yn rhan ddewisol y cynllun, ond nid oes unrhyw fanylion wedi’u cadarnhau eto. Mae’n hanfodol bod y cynllun yn cael ei ddylunio i adlewyrchu’n llawn lafur ac economeg ffermydd llysiau amrywiol ar raddfa fach a’r gwerthoedd cyhoeddus lluosog a ddaw yn eu sgil.

Hyd yn hyn, nid oes unrhyw beth penodol wedi’i gynnig ar gyfer micro-laethdai (er bod cymorth cadwyn gyflenwi fer wedi’i drafod). Rydym felly’n awyddus iawn i glywed gan ffermwyr llaeth micro am ba gymorth sydd ei angen arnynt (gweler isod).

 

Yn ail, croesewir yr hyblygrwydd ychwanegol a roddir i ffermwyr tenant hefyd. Er y bydd y cynllun yn ymrwymiad aml-flwydd, mae Llywodraeth Cymru bellach yn cynnig derbyn cytundebau tenantiaeth blynyddol fel bod ffermwyr tenant ar gontractau byr yn dal yn gymwys. Roedd cynigion blaenorol yn cynnwys gofyniad i gael o leiaf 5 mlynedd o “reolaeth reoli” dros y tir, a fyddai wedi eithrio llawer o ffermwyr tenant o’r cynllun.

 

Rydym am annog ein haelodau i ymateb i’r ymgynghoriad, a mynegi cefnogaeth i’r ddau gynnig hyn.

Gallwch ymateb ar-lein yma neu anfon e-bost at SustainableFarmingScheme@llyw.cymru. Daw’r ymgynghoriad i ben ar 7 Mawrth 2024.

Os hoffech ymuno â Phwyllgor Polisi Cymraeg LWA i helpu i gyfrannu at ein hymateb, mae croeso i chi anfon e-bost at holly.tomlinson@landworkersalliance.org.uk neu lenwi’r ffurflen hon.

 

Last month the Welsh Government published the latest plan for the new Sustainable Farming Scheme, which will replace the Basic Payments Scheme in Wales. 

 

The latest document reaffirms the structure of the SFS, which will include three levels:

  • Universal Actions, which are required of all participants of the Scheme (with some exceptions such as where land is unsuitable for certain actions or tenancy provisions don’t allow them),
  • Optional Actions, which will offer farmers a choice to prioritise or undertake the actions most important and appropriate to your particular circumstances, and
  • Collaborative Actions, which will offer farmers  the chance to work with others to deliver change on a larger scale.

 

Universal Actions will be introduced in 2025, with Optional and Collaborative Actions being brought in via a phased transition between 2025 and 2029.

The document, which is open to public consultation until the 7th of March 2024, primarily focuses on the Universal Actions, which include benchmarking, continuous professional development, testing and reporting requirements; tree planting, habitat creation, soil health planning and cover cropping; and biosecurity, animal health and welfare measures.

 

It also includes two important proposals which will enable more small-scale and tenant farmers to apply for the scheme. 

Firstly, the inclusion of ‘labour hours worked’ as an alternative eligibility criteria for farming enterprises is very welcome, and is something we have been working hard over the past 5 years to have included in the scheme. This will mean that farms and markets gardens under 3 hectares to still be eligible for the scheme.

The document reads:

“You must have at least three hectares of eligible agricultural land in Wales or be able to demonstrate more than 550 standard labour hours.”

This is a huge win for small-scale farming enterprises in Wales, most notably market gardens and micro-dairies, who may not otherwise have been able to meet the area-based eligibility threshold.

 

Although making the scheme accessible to more farms and market gardens in Wales is an important first step, the Welsh Government must now ensure that the scheme is financially worth it for these businesses.

As it currently stands, Universal Tier and Optional Tier payments will be calculated based on area of land. For example, if a highly productive 2ha market garden – which provided numerous other benefits to wildlife and the local community – were to apply for payments in the scheme, they would receive significantly less financial support than a more extensive low productivity enterprise such as sheep grazing. These payments could potentially be so marginal that it wouldn’t be worth signing up to them.

We will therefore continue to advocate for the needs of small-scale horticulture and micro dairy enterprises in working to ensure that the SFS payments properly reflect their productivity and costs, as well as the wider value generated by their work.

 

Welsh Government has proposed that a horticulture incentive would be included in the optional part of the scheme, but no detail is yet confirmed.  It is essential that the scheme be designed to fully reflect the labour and economics of small scale diverse veg farms and the multiple public values they bring.

As yet, there is nothing specific proposed for micro-dairies (although short supply chain support has been discussed).  We are therefore very keen to hear from micro-dairy farmers about what support they need (see below).

 

Secondly, the additional flexibility afforded to tenant farmers is also welcome. Whilst the scheme will be a multi-annual commitment, Welsh Government are now proposing to accept annualised tenancy agreements so that tenant farmers on short contracts are still eligible.  Previous proposals included a requirement to have a minimum of 5 years’ “management control” over the land, which would have excluded many tenant farmers from the scheme.

 

We want to encourage our members to respond to the consultation, and express support for these two proposals. 

You can respond online here or email SustainableFarmingScheme@gov.wales. The consultation will close on March 7th 2024.

If you would like to join the LWA Welsh Policy Committee to help contribute to our response, please feel free to email holly.tomlinson@landworkersalliance.org.uk or fill in this form.

 

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